Assessing Your Company for Noble Cause Essay

In the past few years, dramatic change has been observed in the ways that are being used for completing a job, as it is not difficult to find and keep great employees in the company. An overall shift in workplace values has been raised, which is a fact, and which, has changed the ways that were used to perform and complete the work by the employees. In this regard, it is very important to understand the abovementioned shift, in order to build a strong company, while saving on the payroll. Some other factors have played a vital role in changing the attitude of these employees, as well as, their values in the company. The trend of global market is one of the factors, by which, the position of potency of the employees have been strapped securely. In addition, worker empowerment and change in demographics have also played a crucial role in thrusting so-called knowledge workers in the front seats of the company. The need of a better work and life balance has also tends the career to be sacrificed by the employees in this determination. Traditionally, turnover has been stemming by the offering of incentives, such as, promotions, raises, etc. by the companies. However, a more organic crop of incentives has been turned by the human resource directors forcefully. Some of the reasons of this change have been the global competition and wages, which have rise significantly in the past years. In addition, hierarchies have collapsed and the promotion pool has shrunk in these years. â€Å"Wise companies will not let any short-term downturn alter their efforts to become one of the most desirable places to work† as suggested by a West Coast-based retention strategist and speaker, John B. Izzo. (Withers, 2001) Demographics cannot be changed by the human resource directors. However, the employer-employee power dynamic, which is being affected by the fourth factor, can be responded by the companies today. Lines are now being drawn in the sand, as an increment has been observed in the risk of burnout tenfold by the working of longer hours and less leisure time of the employees. In this regard, a pace of change unprecedented in history is being faced by the workers in companies. It has been observed that self-identity is being tied up with the work identity by today’s workers, as shown in different studies. Instead, work and leisure is being tried to balance with the help of different ways that are being explored by these workers. In this regard, shifting of the values of these workers has been observed discernibly. The ways are intensifying, which are being implemented by the workers, in order to achieve their personal goals. In this regard, great staff is being found, kept, and engaged with the help of following strategies: Practical situations and offers should be made to the employees with the regard to the improvement and enhancement of their work and life balance. A sense of a deeper cause should be promoted for the employees. Different opportunities related to the professional development and growth of the employees should be offered. Employees should be treat like partners rather than treating them as servants. A community should be created in the workplace, in order to help workers in their office work, as well as, their homework. Trust should be rebuilt with the workers in every way. Suggestions for Companies An initial assessment has been designed from the following statements regarding the way an organization and its departments are doing in response to the procedures of search for employees with perspective of a noble cause. Thinking will be guided from this assessment, however, no definitive quantitative appraisal will be provided by it. A scale has also been provided to asses the statement regarding your work environment. The deeper meaning of the product or a service has been described by a statement of the company. For instance, human life has been improved and preserved, people are made happy at home, etc. (It ‘Yes’ is the answer, but, it is rare, then 1 point should be assigned. If the statement is real and applied often, then 3 points should be tallied). Company provides opportunities regarding the different volunteerism and community services to the employees. (If the opportunities have been provided by the company, then 1 point should be given. If training and encouragement is given to the employees, then 2 points should be given. If payment is given to the employees who participate in these activities, then give 3 points) . The people are inspired by higher ethics, in order to perform the right thing with the help of a set of values in the company. (If a set of values is in the organization, but it is rarely applied, then give 1 point. If these values have been employed, and ensuring methods have been implemented, then 3 points should be given. If such a statement is in the company, but the values are not observed by the company, and it has become a joke for the employees, then subtract 2 points) . In the community, a reputation regarding the commitment has been gained by the company with regard to the larger community. (one point) . Profits are not considered the only way of presenting the results of the company. However, the people who have been impact by the services of the company are often presented during large company meetings. (If these habits are performed by the company, then 1 point should be given. If services are given stronger preference over profits, then 3 points should be given) .

The Safavid and Moghul Empire

The Safavid Empire really put Iran on the map for their economic strength. The Safavid Empire was founded by the Safavids and covered all of Iran, parts of Turkey, and Georgia. The Shiite based empire lasted from 1501-1722. The reason for their success was their locations on the trade routes. Shah Ismail, age 14 ruled from 1501 to 1524 and by 1510 he had conquered all of Iran. Shi’ism was introduced to Iran and many Sunni Muslims were murdered. But there was a positive side to their religion; the early Safavid Empire was a theocracy. Religious and political powers were all together. The Empire became rich because it was in the center of the trade route in the Ancient World. Shah Abbas was leader during the golden years of the Safavid Empire. Although he had a small army, they were well trained and had had the best weapons. With the help of the Europeans Shah Abbas had some success against the Ottoman Turks. After Shah Abbas died the Safavid Dynasty suffers and leaders lacked leadership skills. Afghan people invaded and seized the capital of the Safavid Empire and what is left of the Safavid dynasty falls apart. The Mogul Empire (also spelled Moghul or Mughal) was founded by Babur in 1526 and stretched from almost all of India and westward into Europe. Babur’s army was small, but had better weapons. Babur captured Delhi and conquered North India until he died in 1530. Akbar was Babur’s grandson son and was 14 when he took the throne. By 1605 Mogul ruled most of India. Akbar was a great negotiator, was lenient with different religions, and was very humane. He even married a Hindu woman. People had to pay 1/3 of their harvest every year to the state, but sometimes that tax might be lowered or excused. Trade and manufacturing flourished during this time. After Akbar died, Jahangir took over and continued to strengthen the central government. He convinced his wife to arrange a marriage with him son and her niece and he becomes the ruler after Jahangir. Shah Jahan could not deal with domestic problems and cost the Empire a lot of many. He had many expensive projects such as the Taj Mahal which was built for his favorite wife who dies while giving birth to her 14th child. The government had to raise taxes to pay for it. When Shah Jahan dies, his sons fight for power and one ends up killing another so the son Aurangzeb becomes king. He was a devout Muslim and forbade drinking, gambling, and prohibited the building of Hindu temples. As a result of this, people are unhappy and the Persians attack in 1739. The British arrived in the Mogul Empire and wanted to take over. Of course the British won and they had the right to collect taxes in areas surrounding the Calcutta. Muslim woman began to fight in battles and female relatives become advisors to leaders. Moguls brought together Indian and Persian cultures and influences. The Mogul and Safavids, although very different had many things in common. Both had important rulers who started their reign at 14. Both were of Islamic religion, and they both had small armies but advanced weapons. The rulers played a role in the Empire’s decline. Both started out as strong, wealthy empires and started to decline. And The Mogul and Safavid Empire had strong religious beliefs.

It Was A Usual Summer Morning In Story Brook Essay

It was a usual summer morning in story brook; the birds were chirping children were playing on the streets. Henry who was only eleven woke up to the sweet smell of his mother Emma’s homemade waffles. Emma is very generous when it comes to her children especially with Henry because he is the youngest out of three. The eldest is Simon he is 17 tall and behaves, the middle child is Steven. Steven is 15 years old does not behave at all and loves to annoy Henry. Emma told the children that school was starting in a few days and they all yelled with anger so she tried to cheer them up and said we’ll go buy the school supplies and stop for ice-cream on the way back â€Å"And whoever finishes first she said will get a double scooped ice-cream with any toppings so they all rushed to get ready. On there ay back they past by an abandoned home, henry looked up with a smile for winning the double scooped ice-cream asked his mom with curiosity â€Å"what is that place, can we go inà ¢â‚¬  his mother stopped the car with all her force and looked at him and said: â€Å"don’t you ever go in that place don’t even look at it and that goes for you two too† pointing at all three children. School stared and Simon is driving Steve and Henry to school when they passed the abandoned house, Steve dared henry to go in to the house alone on Friday night and when Simon heard there conversation he speeded up the car and stopped at the next paring spot and turned to them while scolding and said: NEVER GO IN THAT HOUSE DON’T EVEN WALK BY THAT HOUSE†. Later that night henry was thinking about the dare. The next morning henry walked to school because Simon and Steve were sick, and on his way to school where he passed the abandoned house and as he was walking past it his stood there for a second and stared at it for a second, he was about to open the front gate where he was grabbed by the shoulder by an odd old lady with light blue eyes thick grey hair tied up in a bun and knitting glasses and her name was Mrs. Potter. She scolded at him and said: â€Å"why young henry don’t you know better than to go in to this house and especially today?† henry looked at her with a puzzled face and he said, â€Å" Why what’s today?† That night Henry ignored Mrs. Potter and gathered some of  his friends and planned to go in that house the next day. The next night was a Saturday, when Henry and all of his friends woke up they went over the plan again, that night they all rode on their bikes and when to that house as they parked right out of that house Jack, Henry’s best friend heard laughter and screaming so he ran behind the tallest one Zack.. As the kids opened the house door they herd a glass fall but no one could see anything because there was no lights. Jack remembered he had a flash light, when he turned it on the first thing the kids saw was a skeleton they all screamed and ran up the stairs wear they heard someone yell â€Å"die die die †. As the kids turned around they found something standing behind them and when he turned on the lights they saw that it was a man. When they apologized and explained and the man kindly called their parents to pick them up. When henry’s mom came to pick him up she told henry that, that man was his father and the reason she didn’t want him to go is that she didn’t want him to know. Henry asked what are the skeletons and he answered, â€Å" I am science teacher† and the screaming â€Å"that’s my five year old son†, then why did Mrs. Potter say â€Å"especially not tonight† she replied, â€Å"It is her birthday† Henry found out that he had a dad and a new baby brother and henry learnt that he would never dis-obey his mother again.

Finite element analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Finite element analysis - Essay Example It is not only used for stress analysis and deflection of solid structures, but also for problems involving heat conduction, fluid flow and electric fields. Finite element analysis (FEA) is a method which most engineers today find an essential tool that can be applied to almost any design problem prior to testing and development. This paper presents the results of a finite element analysis for the buckle of a standard lap belt used in a passenger aircraft. Figure 1 is a representation of the buckle/belt assembly. The buckle itself must be designed to withstand a 450 kg tensile load; thus, the objective of the analysis was to determine the maximum stress max of the buckle under this load and determine whether or not the design meets its objectives. Once this has been determined, a recommendation is made to proceed with testing or to begin a redesign of the buckle. Finite Element Analysis was first introduced in the 1950's and has been continually developed ever since. (FEA) is a computer-based numerical technique for calculating the strength and behaviour of engineering structures. It can be used to calculate deflection, stress, vibration, buckling behaviour and many other phenomena. It can be used to analyze either small or large-scale deflection under loading or applied displacement. It can analyze elastic deformation, or "permanently bent out of shape" plastic deformation. The computer is required because of the astronomical number of calculations needed to analyze a large structure. As mentioned, this report has been complied to document the results of the Finite Element Analysis of a buckle connection. The function of the FE Analysis was to obtain the max of the buckle connection which is based to resist 450 Kg of tension, as written in assignment. The buckle connection was designed to be made from Stainless Steel plate. A comprehensive set of properties for the specified material is shown in table 1 FIRST STEP: Material properties of Stainless Steel ASSUMPTIONSAssumptions: The first step in preparing for the analysis is to develop a list of assumptions concerning the geometry, properties, the mesh, the boundary conditions and linear and static factors. In the begging of doing this report in FEA Package there are numbers of assumptions were made which give create more imaginations as key in testing any design before test it in real life. FirstConsidering the geometry, it is assumed that the drawings provided are accurate representations of the buckle. Thickness of the buckle was assumed to be constant which led to the particular selection of the element type which allowed for a thickness criteria. Shell elements were then selected. In brief, shells form curved surfaces in space and are usually thin compared to their length. The elements selected for this analysis are assumed to be able to adequately model the part. ly Next, properties of the material were considered. It it was assumed that all material properties supplied provided by the designerin the problem statement were correct accurate and provided a true representation of the material specifiedpart. . Another assumption made was that the Homogeneous and isotropic material was homogeneous

Discuss financial implications of medical errors related to healthcare Essay

Discuss financial implications of medical errors related to healthcare management - Essay Example Besides, over a million people die every year as a direct result of medical errors. In addition to this, another 57,000 die due to the lack of quality in the hospitals. Medical errors, besides being cause of distress to patients as well as their relatives and raising ethical issues also amount to heavy financial implications on the hospitals. The costs which related to the medical errors are very high. Statistics show that this cost is in excess of 37.6 billion every year. On the other hand, there are also huge expenditures, which are being incurred in the long run as a result of medical errors. Though in many cases medical errors do not lead to the death of people, many entail in handicaps that will harshly impede the person’s skill to work and to carry on productive and vigorous life. Thus, on many occasions the medical errors result in personal loss to the patients taking treatment in hospitals. From the point of view of hospital management, such errors entail on compensation claims and they will have to spend huge sums on litigations. Medical errors can occur due to a variety of reasons. Sometimes these happen due to â€Å"communication problems as misspelled words or illegible handwriting, whereas surgical errors are often related to unclear or misinterpreted diagnostic images† (Medical Errors: Introdu ction and Definitions, 2011, para. 8). The study of healthcare financial management is both rewarding and necessary because the medical errors have implications for both personal and professional behavior. In the healthcare environment today, financial implications play a significant role in delivering treatment to the patients. When medical errors occur, it becomes the responsibility of the hospital to meet the treatment expenditures of the victim as well as they are further obliged to pay compensation and litigation expenses to claimants. The financial implications of medical errors, however, are focused on the overall difficulty for the

AT&T and T-Mobile's failed merger Research Paper

AT&T and T-Mobile's failed merger - Research Paper Example Both the corporation, AT&T and T-mobile were of the opinion that the merger lacked the intensity to affect the interests of the consumers in the wireless market. In other words, the wireless market will remain indifferent in spite of the merger. The deal amounted to 39 billion dollars. As the result of the deal, AT&T emerged as the largest mobile phone service provider in the country. Research question Whether the deal would have been fruitful from the consumers’ point of view? Literature Review and Analysis The resulted deal would offer AT&T to enjoy 43% of the market share. The market power would have widened the difference among the competitors in the market further. Researchers were of the opinion that the resulting merger would contribute to enhance the market power. The market structure is highly concentrated with lots of competitors and follows the guidelines of the horizontal merger. The arguments as well as the evidence provided by AT&T in the application were found t o be insufficient to ignore the presumption of increase in market power. According to the guidelines, the concentration of the market and the share of the market are measured on the basis of revenues. The products can be differentiated in the market and therefore revenues will act as the relevant parameter for measurement. If the revenues are fully attributable to the facilities based carriers, The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index would result to 3356 for the wireless market while the increase in index would be 741. On the other hand if the subscribers of the resellers are fully attributed to the resellers, then the index on the basis of revenue would be 3279 and the increase in the index would be 727. Therefore both the approaches show the market power is getting enhanced as a result of the merger. T-mobile continued to remain a strong player in the market. The other players lacked the competency to deal with the slack resulting from the elimination of T-mobile from the market. The effec ts of anti-competition could not be rubbed off completely as the resulting inefficiencies were not up to the mark (Goldfarb, 2011). The competitive disadvantages of the competitors rose. The effect was felt on quality and costs. The costs took the steep rising curve with poor standards of quality. The power of the competitors was limited and the roaming services felt the heat. AT&T and T-mobile offered the same quality of product under different conditions and at different prices. The authorities have to evaluate the national market and the local market separately as the price ranges kept on changing. The competitive effects on both markets were evaluated. A concern at the national level may not be a concern at the local markets and vice versa. The effects of the merger on the consumers would have been two folds. The subscribers of T-mobile will be left with no other option but to avail the highly priced smart phones and data services from AT&T instead of the affordable data plans o f T-mobile. The objective of AT&T in the merger was to enhance the consumer base (Besen, Kletter, Moresi, Salop and Woodbury, 2012). If the consumers of T-mobile come under the umbrella of AT&T significant amount of revenues will be generated and AT&T can gain the same level of profits. The customers will have to feel the pinch on the pockets by paying higher charges and also compromise of the quality of service. If T-mobile can be rubbed off from the market scenario, AT&T

Managerial Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Managerial Analysis - Essay Example The Factory Overhead account should be debited with 3000 dollars while the raw material inventory account should be credited for the same amount. At the end of a significant period (for instance a month), the ending balance in the overhead account (the remaining glue is recorded in the cost of goods sold and the ending inventory.)If the entries were not corrected, the balance sheet would be affected. Since they form part of the current assets, the current asset balances would have been overstated. Glue is part of indirect raw materials used in the production. That is, it is consumed in the whole process but does not make part of the final product. Raw materials of all types are originally entered into an inventory asset account with a credit to the corresponding accounts payment account and a debit to the raw materials inventory account (Ormiston & Fraser, 2013). During the consumption of the raw materials, the accounting treatment varies, depending on their status as indirect or direct raw materials. Glue is an indirect raw material as it does not form part of the final products, but it is consumed. Consequently, it is entered on the debit side of the factory overhead account while the raw materials inventory asset account is credited. At the conclusion of the month, the overhead ending balance will form part of the cost of goods sold and ending inventories. At the reporting period, the cost of unused production materials will form part of the raw materials inventory account and will be recorded on the balance sheet as a current asset.

James McNeil Whistler Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

James McNeil Whistler - Research Paper Example Scale of work describing James McNeil Whistler can be said to be small scale, probably explaining the apparent reason of his dismal following. However, there is an important attribute that can be spotted in his work; his untold legacy that influenced the artistic world forever (Rutter 113). Personally, I have a rare liking for pieces of art by James McNeil Whistler as well as his deep passion for art. It is evident that he would spend a fortune in a legal procedure fighting for a better description of his art work, to depict the soft part he had for art (Block, 2000, p94). His honorary awards and memberships into famous world art forums further attest to this. I certainly enjoy the art depicted in his pieces. On the other hand, as a critic, I obviously would never fail to criticize his undefined scope of art. Clearly, the missing link to his popularity squarely lies in over optimism to tackle every life topic in the limited platform of art. There is a backward feature in his character I that he was arrogant, and insubordination to his patrons, which certainly contributed to his

The Human Resource Profession Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Human Resource Profession - Research Paper Example From this paper it is clear that behavior of various individuals in organizations has recently been changed. Human resource professionals keep on re-establishing advanced ways of dealing with individuals and allocating jobs regarding to specialization of workers. Technological changes necessitate a change in the way professionals have to carry out their duties. An increase in responsibilities also leads to shifts in management of human resources. Instructors should ensure that they base human resource education in modern technology and should accommodate individuals with varied abilities.This study outlines that Human Resource Professionals have many responsibilities within an organization. For instance, they are responsible for handling routine employment tasks. Nowadays, it is their (Human Resource Professionals) responsibility to carry out functions of recruitment and training employees in the working environment. Such tasks, also performed by senior executives, indicate how Human Resource Professionals collaborate with senior leadership. According to Whalen, senior leaders are responsible in ensuring that there are well set organizational objectives, good conditions of work, proper remuneration, and employment of potential employees. Human Resource Professionals ensure that during the recruitment process, selection is of highly skilled personnel. This acts as a linkage to the function of the top personnel managers, since it increases their value before the company officials.... Human Resource Professionals ensure that during the recruitment process, selection is of highly skilled personnel. This acts as a linkage to the function of the top personnel managers, since it increases their value before the company officials. Major specialty areas within the field of Human Resource Management a) Employee relations This refers to maintenance of relations of employers and employees within the organizations. The primary reason for maintaining such relationships is to ensure that there is a satisfactory morale and performance of employees. Employers are responsible for enhancing the relations. For one, employers have to increase the morale of the employees, specifically through offering incentives. Employers should ensure that remuneration systems are fair and just in that there is pay for equal work done. Employee morale results in increased productivity, which is an indicator of meeting targets. This is essential to quality of work. There are set disciplinary measur es concerning what employers should do in case they have to impose discipline on employees. Employees spend less time when carrying out tasks they have knowledge about compared to the time spend when undertaking duties they have less or no knowledge (Gennard, & Judge, 2005). b) Organizational development The primary reason for carrying out day-to-day duties is to ensure there is a steady growth of the organizations. Human Resource Management is responsible for arrangement of individuals within an organization. In employee performance, there is should be training sessions. Managers ensure that placement of employees is on the department they skills to perform tasks in that very department. Individuals

Abortion as an Ethical Issue Essay Example for Free

Abortion as an Ethical Issue Essay In our everyday lives, we have to deal with a variety of different ethical issues. We as individuals with our different thought processes deal and view with these issues in different ways. Abortion is one of the most controversial ethical issues within the health care profession. Abortion is a topic that can cause heated ethical discussions within the healthcare community. Abortion contains legal and ethical issue. Abortion mean ending a pregnancy before the fetus (unborn child) can live independently outside the mother. An induced or â€Å"therapeutic† abortion is caused deliberately in order to end the pregnancy. The practice of abortion is legal in the United States. Abortion law has many sources-constitutions, legislative statues, administrative regulations, and court decisions. The foundation of abortion law is the United States Constitution as interpreted by the Supreme Court (McBride, 2008). Constitutional law does not directly regulate abortion, but it sets limits on the powers of the states and the federal government to regulate abortion. The authority to regulate abortion has been reserved to the states by the Constitution because Article I, which covers the legislative branch. This does not give Congress explicit authority to regulate medical practice. Nonetheless, Congress does get involved in abortion policy through its power to spend money and regulate interstate commerce (McBride, 2008). The Court has established this constitutional law of abortion through a series of decision, called case law, especially Roe v. Wade, Doe v. Bolton, and Planned Parenthood v. Casey. States do not have constitutional authority to prohibit the medical practice of abortion before the fetus is viable; any laws that make abortion criminal before viability would be unconstitutional. After viability, that is, when an unborn child is able to live on its own outside the mother, state governments have the authority, but not the obligation, to prohibit abortion, except when medical judgment decides that abortion is necessary to save the life or health of the mother (McBride, 2008). This means that abortion is legal in the United States without condition before the fetus is viable. After viability, abortion is prohibited in some but not all states except when the health or life of the mother is in danger. Roe v. Wade gave strength to a woman’s right to privacy in the context of matters relating to he own body (Pozgar, 2008). This would include how a pregnancy would end. The Supreme Court also has recognized the interest of the states in protection potential life and has attempted to spell out the extent to which the states may regulate and even prohibit abortions. In Roe v. Wade, the United States Supreme Court held the Texas penal abortion law unconstitutional, stating this: â€Å"State criminal abortion statutes†¦that except from criminality only a lifesaving procedure on behalf of the mother, without regard to the stage of her pregnancy and other interests involved is violating the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (Pozgar, 2008). With Doe v. Bolton, the Supreme Court went on to describe what regulatory measures a state lawfully may perform during the three stages of pregnancy. In the companion decisions, Doe v. Bolton, where the Court considered a constitutional attack on the Georgia abortion statute, further restrictions were placed on state regulation of the procedure. The provisions of the Georgia statute establishing residency requirements for women seeking abortions and requiring that the procedure be performed in a hospital accredited by The Joint Commission were declared constitutionally invalid (Pozgar, 2008). In the case law Planned Parenthood v. Casey the Supreme court affirmed Pennsylvania law restricting a woman’s right to abortion. The Court was one vote shy of overturning Roe v Wade. The Supreme Court ruling, as enunciated in Roe v. Wade reaffirmed: The constitutional right of women to have an abortion before viability of the fetus, as first enunciated in Roe v. Wade. The state’s power to restrict abortions after fetal viability so long as the law contains exceptions for pregnancies that endanger a woman’s life or health. The principle that the state has legitimate interests from the outset of the pregnancy in protecting the health of the woman and the life of the fetus. About three years ago, a difficult situation presented itself upon me. I was sitting in the doctor’s office six weeks after giving birth to my first-born. I was there to get my Mirena ® birth control. The doctor walks in and asks me if it could be possible that I was pregnant. I told her no I received birth control Depo-Provera ® right before being discharged from the hospital. The doctor then says well let me have my nurse do a blood test so that we can know for sure, and make sure it’s not just a chemical pregnancy. A couple of days passed and I return to the doctor’s office to receive my results. My doctor tells me what I had been dreading. I was pregnant again with our second child. I went home with my newborn and I cried until my husband came home from work. I cried because this news was much unexpected. We had carefully planned the timing for our first-born. We were in a perfect financial situation to be able to commit to one child. Two infants would really be pushing our financial limits. I was thinking how unfair this was. I had taken every precaution to ensure that I would not get pregnant, but I somehow ended up pregnant. When my husband came home that afternoon I was still crying, and I explained the whole situation to him. My husband was overjoyed at the news of having another child. I was confused by his emotions because I thought he would be feeling overwhelmed as I was. After I told my husband, I also told him that I was planning to get an abortion. He wanted to know the reasoning behind my decision. I told him that we were only financially equipped for one child, but two children would cause a financial burden. I refused to bring a child into this world knowing that I could not financially take care of that child. I know that people are quick to say why not give the child up for adoption. Anyone who can say that I know they have never experienced a pregnancy before. Could you imagine the emotional distress of having to give up a child that you have carried around and nurtured from almost ten months? You would also be giving your child up to a couple that you would probably only get to see after passing the baby along. Also, imagine the emotional aspects of the child. The child would be thinking about how their birth parents were able to give them away. My husband and I talked over the financial aspect over it, and decided with help from various family members that we could survive. We would just have to make sacrifices within our everyday lives. During my sonogram appointment when I was four months pregnant I received another dose of bad news. At first the doctor saw what he thought were cysts on the brain. The doctor then told me that I should terminate the pregnancy because of the difficult life the child was about to go through. I thought long and hard about what the doctor was saying. I felt like I had a strong support system that would help me get through any obstacle that life throws my way. Finally, the birth of my youngest takes place, and she was diagnosed with Lissencephaly. Lissencephaly is the condition of having a smooth cerebrum without convolutions(Merriam-Webster). Before we were discharged from the hospital, my husband and I were told to take her home, and treat her as if she is normal, and not to expect her to live past three months old. My daughter just had her third birthday May 5. This is why I have a deontology view on abortion. The deontology view is compatible to the abortion pro-choice decision. Utilitarianism really does not have a lot to say on this issue because there are too many other issues tied into the ethical issue. They would probably have arguments about if the fetus is a person or even if someone has the right to determine what goes on in their own body. They would also argue about if it were okay to kill a baby why not an adult. In my opinion, these are two different topics. We would assume through virtue ethics that killing a human adult is wrong. Don’t get me wrong killing an adult human is wrong because that is life that has already been birthed, and established. Abortion should be a choice that we are able to make on our own. This is my body I should be able to freely decide what to do with it. We are able to freely tattoo and pierce our bodies without any type of interference from the government. So why can I not make a decision to end a pregnancy that I carefully tried to avoid. I also feel that abortion when done early on in the pregnancy would not cause any harm to the fetus. According to pregnancy. rg a fetuses nervous system does not develop until after five weeks into the pregnancy. After that period the baby has already began to develop major organs and the nervous system. An egoist view on abortion would be based on one question. According to socyberty. com, an egoist would focus on what will be in her best interest. This would not mean the woman is selfish or self-centered. For example, maybe the women would be in a predicament where she would be a single mom. On the other hand, maybe she has not emotional of financial support to help er care for the child. In her case, her best interest would be to abort the child because it is in her best interest. Egoism states that everyone should act in her or her own self interest, regardless of the interest of others, unless their interest also serve as hers(http://socyberty. com/issues/abortion-an-ethical-analysis/). With the abortion this women can now complete her education. Others might argue that she could have just gotten a job, and still have been able to attend school. When making decisions you need to think of every possible scenario. What is there is a complication early in the pregnancy that requires complete bed rest or hospitalization. If this were to happen, where would her income come from? She would have to drop out of school. She would then have six months to get back into school or she would have to begin the repayment of her student loans. How can she do any of this without financial support? There are several ethical views on abortion. All the different views would explain why or why not to have an abortion. Abortion can be a controversial ethical topic. No one person will ever have the same stance on the topic. It is one of those topics when you just have to agree to disagree. You will just have to respect and listen to the opinions that others have on this ethical issue.

Interdependence Australian Government

Interdependence Australian Government States usually form interdependent governments for so many reasons. For this case, Asian and Australian interdependence is to provide security to these countries and also in other areas say in the global markets. The military defense in the Asian country has had a wide impact to the Australian government. It is due to this interdependence that Australian government has been in a position to demonstrate peace in most of its activities. This is because of the strong relationship it has with the Asian military and its through Military Corporation that a country can be in a position to understand the other countries culture hence leading to solving of so many problems which are associated with crimes. The Asian regions past economic growth afforded opportunities for increased defense spending and also military modernization. Asia is the worlds sixth largest armed forces in that region. Its argued that many Asian governments embarked on military modernization programs during the early 90s .It is due to the strong military defense in Asia whereby the Australia government formed an interdependence with this government to ensure that it has helped this country to solve most of the upheaval associated with political and economic differences. (Bowles, 2001). Australia is one of the regions which are undergoing profound transformation or even changes and these changes are challenging the value and the relevance of its old ideas and structures. So due to this case, the government has an approach of emerging Asian -pacific security landscape. It is due to the break of the Soviet Union which provides a unique opportunity in order to build a new regional security architecture that is within the Asian pacific region. This new security architecture will inevitably take in to account the Asian culture which are said to be different from the Australian culture. So in this case, the interdependence will incorporate the principle of consensus and also less formalized defense arrangements. (Bowles, 2001). Given that the economic crisis has enlightened the importance of transparency and good governance, the Asian military defense reforms is especially pertinent. Its through this interdependence which has led to the promotion of professionalism, efficiency and also effectiveness which is offered by the Australian military defense. The Asian military defense offers an international military education and also training to the Austrian military defense. It is due to this corporation that the Australian military defense is in a position to overcome most of the economic crisis which occur in to that country. In fact, it has also been argued that the restrictions on the Asian and Australian engagement helped encourage the various use of unprofessional methods among the hard bitten factional within its military. It is due to this that the Australian military defense uses the professional military forces tactics to fight back crimes which might occur in that country and also in establishing of peace. It is in this corporation whereby the military defense helps to transfer technology to this country. As a result, it can use this technology to adverse it to its military defense hence making this country to be in a position to overcome any political or even economic upheavals. The military army also ensures that no transfer of destabilizing weapons to this country which might affect international peace. It is due to this fact that the military defense has taken the initiative to ensure that there in peace in this country. (Bowles, 2001). Another contribution is that the Australian military defense can get cheaper weapons from this country. It is one of the suppliers of weapons and hence it contributes to the Australian government through the sale of these weapons. It is these weapons whereby this government can also use for security purposes. (Arnet, 1997). The Australian military has also been in a position to adjust to the economic crisis and other crisis through resizing, reshaping and also timing of its peacetime military to military engagement activities. It has also ensured a security umbrella to this country and has also helped to stabilize the region and this has been achieved through watching the store while the various economic conditions are reformed. It is due to this military defense that the Australian government has been in a position to control the various crimes which occur in that country and also in stabilizing the economy. (Arnet, 1997). During the times of upheavals which might be political, economical, social and also religious, the Asian military defense is seen to demonstrate its support to ensure that all these upheavals have been calmed. It demonstrates political military and economic support incase these upheavals happen. Hence this is seen as a good contribution to the economy of Australia since it performs it economic activities with no crisis. (Arnet, 1997). The sustained region growth is one of the things which is contributing to the Asian stability and hence the need for the Australia to form an interdependence with the Asians. One of the duties of the Australian government is to provide security and defense to its people. Its the role of the government to ensure that the military defense is in a position to respond in to a gangue of contingencies as well as robust capacity in order to deal with any military threats which might occur in to that country. Anticipating and meeting the various challenges to the Australian security has remained a demanding task to this country. It is due to the contributions by the Asian military defense which makes this country to ensure that there are no military threats to that country. It is due to the contribution of the Asian military defense that Australia is in a position to overcome any threats in to their country. It is quite clear that any threat or even invasion attempted in to that country, the Australian army would of course be compelled to resist it even if it would lead to great loss of peoples life and also the economic deprivation. (Binnendijk, 1996). The Australian defense also ensures that it has also protected the interests of their markets. It is due to the contribution by the Asian military defense that Australian military defense is in a position to ensure that market interests have been protected and no threats to this markets which might in turn affect the economic growth of this country. It is the role of the military defense to ensure that no smuggled goods are brought in to the country and that it ensures that its borders have been protected and hence no illegal importation or even transportation of goods takes place. As a result, you find that the markets interest have been met hence leading to economic growth of this country. (Binnendijk, 1996). The interdependence in this case is said to maintain a political influence in the region. This is because the Australian government sees that Asian military to be quite central to may political change in that region. So in this case, the military defense has an influence to the Australian government. This is because it helps that government to have a political stability. Political stability in the sense that it is in a position to overcome wars which might lead to a threat in that country. It uses the Asian army to help fight back any political instabilities which might lead to problems in that country. (Binnendijk, 1996). The Australian ruling class are also said to benefit from the occupation of the oil treaty which it signed with the Asian government. The Timor gap oil is one of the best deep water tunnels and is seen to have a strategic significance to the Australian navy. Having the access to this channel has been of significant impact to the Australian government since it has lead to the economic growth of this country. You find that the Australian navy has access to this channel and hence benefits a lot from it. (Johnson, 1996). It is due to this interdependence that these countries have been in a position to realize globalization. Globalization can be defined as the movement of goods and services from one country to another. The expanding web of interdependence between these two countries has lead to resolving of issues which are related with globalization. The military in this case helps to build a trust to overlay the conflict dampening effect of interdependence. The relationship between military and political relations among these countries continues to shift hence leading to greater security measures in these countries and in return great developments. It is globalization which has brought so many people and countries to trade together hence exposing these countries in to diversified threats which range from environmental threats to even terrorists threats. It is due to this interdependence that the military defense is in a position to overcome all these threats whenever they occur. Many countries have also found that they can not overcome the threats which are associated with globalization and hence need to form a coalition with other countries to ensure that the military defense in that country is in a position to overcome these threats. A good example is in the Australian and Asia interdependence whereby it contributes so much to the security of these countries. Incase of any security threats, the military defense for the two countries is in a position to overcome these threats effectively. (Johnson, 1996). The military corporation helps in shaping peace in these countries. It is due to military corporations that the military defense is in a position to fight crimes whenever they happen. For example the military corporation in the Asian and Australia has led to stability in that country. This is because the two military forces are joined together when fighting certain crimes say terrorists. Terrorists are good examples of criminal threats in so many countries. A good example is seen in the September 11, at the United States whereby it was bombed by terrorists. It is due to this problem that military forces form a coalition to ensure that all these problems do not occur in this case. So the Asian military defense has been seen as one of the major contributing factors to this country in ending the terrorists. The country has been in a position to live in peace since there are no any more threats which are associated with terrorists. (Johnson, 1996). The military role in defense is also seen to contribute to useful platforms for example is defense dialogues and interaction. The Asian military defense has been of paramount importance to the Austrian government due to this coalition. It has helped to serve as an additional channel for these countries to resolve their differences and also to clarify their misunderstanding. So in this case, the Asian military defense has helped the Australia to solve most of its problems since it has solved most of its differences with this military defense. The government is in a position to resolve disputes arising in that region help prevent miscalculations and also has entrenched a culture of peaceful resolutions of several problems brought as a result of differences which occur between countries. Another contribution by the Asian military defense to this country is transparency issue. This has led to transparency in the military defense of this country and hence can do its activities properly just like any other military defense. (Ross, 1999). In the general market, this interdependence has also led to security in these markets. You find that the Asian military defense can provide security in these markets. So the two countries can then trade effectively since there is protection and due to this coalition, you find that the Australian people can even export its products to the Asian country without any problem since there is a tight security by the military defense. As a result, you find that the economy of this country has grown since there is a ready market for its exports. Issues of trafficking and also the sale of smuggled goods have evaded since the military force ensures that the goods which are exported are not smuggled. The military defense also helps in peace keeping in this country. It ensures that there are no political or even economic conflicts which occur in to this country. It is due to this initiative that the Austrian people are in a position to live in peace without any fear. (Ross, 1999). Conclusion Asian-Australian interdependence has had so many impacts to their economies. It has both political and economic impacts. Australia participation in the illegal activities of the Bush administration led to its implication in some of the worst war crimes and this is since the World war 11 including the torture and also the slaughter of thousands of civilians in the indiscriminate bombing of Afghan and Iraqi town cities. It is by the contribution of the military defense in the Asian country which led to peace keeping during this scenario. For example the military defense in the Asian country has many impacts to the Austrian country. This is because it is this military defense which helps to ensure that there is peace and harmony and this country. In times of political upheavals, the military defense also helps to ensure that all these problems have been solved. Reference Bowles, N. (2001): The diplomacy of hope. The united nations since the cold war. World Federation of United Nations Association. Arnet, E. (1997): Military capacity and the risk of war. Oxford University Press. Binnendijk, H. (1996): U.S. strategic objectives in East Asia. Strategic Forum 68. Institute of national strategic studies. Johnson, D. (1996): Modernization of the PLA navy and East Asian Regional Security Issues. Journal of Public and International affairs. Ross, R. (1999): The geography of peace. East Asian in the twenty-first Century. International security.

Analysis and Benefits of Smart Health Cards

Analysis and Benefits of Smart Health Cards Health Card Systems History: In 1993 Advantage Data Systems was founded to develop a smart card for the health care industry .The founding group consisted of health care professionals from private practices in Oklahoma city , Oklahoma U.S.A . These professionals had all experienced a need within their practice of medicine for a convenient method for patients to carry their health information. As practicing health care professionals, they were dealing with patients who could not remember their medical history or provide an accurate recollection of their medication or allergies on a daily basis. Providing patients with a tool to keep an accurate record of their medical history was the goal upon which Advantage Data Systems was founded. With this goal in mind several technologies were investigated in order to determine the one most applicable to the project. Although several technologies had positive attributes, a smart card for health care provide myriad of benefits. By using a smart card for the health care card, ADS could achieve its goal to provide a convenient and reliable method for patients to carry their medical history. System Definition: Its a patient identification card with high level of data and transmission security, large memory capacity, flexible programming options, and standardized interfaces. It contains all the health information about the patient. It helps to reduce fraud, streamline administration, improve communication, and enhance the quality of treatment. Our industry-specific, cost-effective processing, allows us the ability to focus on your unique requirements and to tailor our programs and services to meet your special criteria for processing. Take this opportunity to also understand why leading industry Associations, Organizations and Societies in the Healthcare, Personal care and Wellness markets have selected Health Card Systems for their own processing as well as endorsing and promoting Health Card for their membership. The flexibility of the HCS Patient Card also permits the storage of multiple access codes, allowing affiliated hospital sites and clinics with different computer systems to retrieve vital patient information from the same card. Worldwide, the costs of healthcare are exploding. The main reason is that advanced medicines and technology are boosting life expectancy. As people get older, the care they need becomes more frequent and more expensive. To be able to finance this positive effect of higher life expectancy, the existing healthcare systems must be made more efficient. One means is the introduction of card-enabled e-health networks. Why I need Smart Health Cards? There is much longer story why we dont already have Health Smart Cards in our pockets. It is not because of the technical reasons or cost of the system at all. It is more about politics, people resisting Smart Health cards fail to understand benefits such technology brings to the table. Smart cards would save countless lives if implemented. Consider this: Germany has population of about 80 million people. Until smart cards were implemented every year about 50-60 thousand people were dying because of medical errors, mostly wrong prescriptions. Sounds like awfully a lot of dead people and it really is! There were only about 5 to 6 thousands of deaths caused by traffic accidents in the same time, whole Germany. Now consider USA, population is 4 times bigger, if the smart health cards arent existing, you draw your own conclusions Comparing the situation at Palestine, there is occupation and Israels assassination of the Palestinians, so the hospitals could not diagnose the patients condition and to deal rapidly. So we need to use the health cards so as to treat patients rapidly as much as possible, to save the largest number of patients lives. Cards, by design, are protected against tampering; they cant be copied or counterfeited in any way. The smart health card has implemented in the whole Western Europe (Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, Slovenia), Taiwan, and Puerto Rico, Canada, Israel, South Africa, Indiamore. †¢ Smart cards are small, they fit everybodys pocket †¢ Smart cards are very secure, cant be read, copied, manipulated, counterfeited or duplicated †¢ Smart card protect privacy where needed †¢ Smart cards are re-writable †¢ Smart card can contain digital log with location, date, time, persons stamp to record every transaction †¢ Smart card can contain digital prescriptions, no mistakes with handwriting, quantity or quality of medications †¢ Smart health card could be used anywhere, on the street by medical emergency crew to quickly learn about allergies and treatments, even if injured person is un-capable to interact with anybody †¢ Smart card can be set that certain profile of medical personnel can see only certain portion of card data †¢ Insurance, administrative and personal ID data are available †¢ Long sign ups at doctors offices can be avoided, just insert card into the smart card reader †¢ Only after doctor presents his own medical professional smart card, his card and patients card verify each other. After cross-verification transactions can take place †¢ Small and inexpensive balance reader can read emergency data any time, anywhere †¢ Smart health cards speed up medical administration, put it in right format (HIPAA), process claims faster and more precisely †¢ Smart cards save hundreds of millions in administration, insurance, public funding, government money †¢ Smart health card is actively fighting medical fraud and critical errors saving money and lives due to the availability of emergency data. Smart card supports both languages English and Arabic. Also it has a huge database in compare with current systems which are programmed on access. It is easy to Update, Privileged Access, Accurate and Quick Registration. Electronic signing of the data can ensure that there is no subsequent alteration to guarantee the integrity of the records. Smart health card Increase in productivity among staff due to less time dealing with paperwork, so patients dont have to wait for service. Who will benefit from Health Smart cards? Every person giving or receiving healthcare (patient). Ministry of Health. Insurance companies or Government insurance institutions. Medical institutions. Government overall when cards are massively applied. When massively applied, every person in the country since savings will be huge. Benefits to the Hospital Huge potential for revenue growth in terms of loyal patients and other sources. Tremendous reduction of Doctors diagnosis and analysis time. Saves huge sums on avoiding unnecessary and voluminous paperwork and other administrative overheads. The health information of all the customers will be available in the hospitals system. Can ensure that the patients buy the medicines from pharmacies approved by the hospital, as they would have the Smart Card Readers. Prolonged medical attention cases like pregnancy, dialysis etc. can be tracked and checked for individual patients. †¢ A technical advantage over their fellow competitors. Benefits to Physicians Availability of current medical data at all times. Ability to obtain critical healthcare information from an incapacitated or unconscious patient. Improved communication and information sharing among healthcare providers, Physicians, hospitals, laboratories and pharmacies. Reduced administrative workload. Enables accurate data collection for research purpose, facilitating the evolution from Curative medicine to preventive medicine. Benefits to Patients Ability to carry their virtual medical record with them at all times and releases it to which they choose. Enables improved healthcare thanks to better-informed providers. Enables faster treatments in emergency situations. Eliminates need to remember specific terms, medications, and treatment names. Eliminates unnecessary treatments, repeated producers and tests. Benefits for Insurance Provider Faulty Claims can be avoided. Better Customer service. Who are potential customers to engage? Medical health insurance companies. Ministry of Health. Ambulances. Hospitals. Individual doctors offices specially Dentists. Pharmacies. What is actually written into the patients cards? o Cards are used as a secure portable mini data bases with: Card information (serial numbers, issuers codes and data). Personal information (personal data like name and address. Insurance information (coverage and insurance details). Emergency data. Medical data (information about medical conditions and treatments). Chronic disease info (patients data about possible chronic diseases). Diagnosis. Medications prescribed. How system works? Main software resides at hospitals computers. Applicant takes blank smart card and creates new Health card. Card is written with initial control data and is given to the hospitals. Hospitals takes card by card and personalizes cards by entering personal ID data and health data, and the insurance company add insurance details like type of coverage, contact details. They print card if its not printed already. Now card is given to end user. Now anybody with a smart card can walk to any hospital/ clinics/ pharmacist/ Insurance companies where the information of patients can be read, write and updated. patients carry the card with them at all times, giving medical personnel immediate access to their concise medical history, current medications, allergies, the names and telephone numbers of family or friends, and other information necessary for medical treatment decisions. The patients can avoid delay in admission, giving same answer again and again, doing same tests again. Doctors can easily know the medical history of the patient, the diagnostic reports etc. Health Card System: Cardholder uses card every time when he or she comes to health care facility. There are no forms to fill. Parts of the card may be protected by PIN that is known only to card holder. Doctors read a card and write back short notes if needed. They are also able to write prescriptions to the card. Same kind of information can be written into the data base so new card could be created in case original one is lost or stolen. If there is a prescription involved patient comes to Pharmacy and they are able to read portion of the card with prescriptions and hand out proper prescription drugs to cardholder. Some Questions that face us as interpreters 1. Is there a clear business case? Including financial and consumer behavior factors? 2. What type of information do we want to store in the cards (data or value)? 3. How many cards will be needed? 4. What are the security requirements? 5. Who will have access to this information? 6. Who will be allowed to change this information? FAQ About Health Card System?! 1. What happens when a patient loses their card? Card backups assure that the smart card system offers the same level of convenience as any other. If cards are lost or stolen, they can quickly be replaced. (And if a card is stolen, the thief cant use it or read any sensitive information from it because it is password protected.).In addition if a patient forgets his card for any circumstance, the hospital can access the system through the patients full name or identification number assigned to it. 2. If data stored on the cards is also stored on line as a backup, why do you need smart cards at all? There is an enormous difference between relying on smart cards as the primary source for data, and relying on a remote on-line source. Since smart card backup information is only accessed when cards require replacement, very high security measures can be put in place without affecting the flow of information in the system. There are many other benefits that come from the fact that backups in a smart card system can be batch transmitted, minimizing system telecommunication costs. 3. How can you save time and money by using Health Card System?! Access to previous examination results allows a faster diagnosis. Moreover, duplication of examination and tests of sure can be avoided. 4. How can programmer protect the special medical information of patients? At the beginning it should be noted that the role of programmer is to design a system to make it easier for the user to diagnose and treat at the lowest cost, time, and therefore programmed after the completion of the program and guidance on how to use the relevant categories in turn, enter data for each patient .. In addition, the paper files are currently used may be exposed to damage or loss or theft while the information stored on this system is fully protected. 5. Some patients need to seek treatment abroad. How can he get all the medical information about his health which already save on the health card that none of software can read it except yours that doesnt find abroad?! If the patient needs to travel out for treatment. The file of health history will print to him and stamped from the hospital and the Ministry of Health. Business Plan HealthTech Administrative Plan   HealthTech PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: In 2009, We Think about this Idea for our country, because of specializing in creating an ideal fit of the Patient Identification Card with the existing (Hospital Information System). Our innovative marketing programs increase patient satisfaction by providing simple solutions to admission questions. The HCS Patient Card System provides reduced admission time and increase accuracy while strengthening patient loyalty. The flexibility of the HCS Patient Card also allowing affiliated hospital sites and clinics with different computer systems to retrieve vital patient information from the same card.   HealthTech Ownership: The Owner of this project are The CEO Hamza Hindi he gets the Idea and starts to do it by get a Hand of 5 people who liked this idea and start to do the idea to the real life which are Mariam Nuaimi , Vivian Khair , Haytham Sbeih , Rasha Al-Sabbah , Marwa Qaraqe. Hamza Hindi Put Cash money to do the project by 20% and the five by 30% and the other 50% is a fund from a Foreign Company. So it is Shareable Resources and Profit by many sides, all of us works to let this company success .and it can be an ideal way to get the most out of the investment by purchasing only the shares or time you require from an asset. All other aspects are split, both the benefits and the costs, among a limited number of shareholders or members in our company. Hamza Hindi: He has done his BA from Bethlehem University then worked for a Bethlehem Chamber Industry Commerce. Hes an excellent web designer. He has strong Photoshop and flash skills Haytham Sbeih: He has done his BA from Bethlehem University. He has worked on different platform including Java. Vivian Khair: She has done her BA from Bethlehem University. Mariam Nuaimi: She has done her BA from Bethlehem University. Marwa Qaraqe: She has done her BA from Bethlehem University. Rasha Al-Sabbah: She has done her BA from Bethlehem University. There are three main part of business at this moment and these responsibilities will be distributed as follows— Sales Marketing, Purchase, Operation and PR: All these activities will be handled by Rasha Al-Sabbah, Mariam Nuaimi, Marwa Qaraqe. Software development, testing, documentation and installation: These activities will be handled by Haytham Sbeih, Vivian Khair. Hardware, Integration and full service installation: These activities will be performed by Hamza Hindi.   HealthTech Vision : HealthTech will be a leader in health care quality and safety, recognized by all as the best place in the region to receive careand work.   HealthTech Mission : HealthTech will be a national leader in health care, exists to provide quality health services to all those in need.   HealthTech Values : HealthTech Health System realizes and is committed to the mission and vision through: Integrity: We are honest, open in our communications, and consistent in doing what we say we will do. Compassion: We provide a caring response to the physical, emotional and spiritual needs of all. Safety: We practice safety behaviors and error prevention techniques to ensure the safety of our patients, visitors and co-workers. Accountability: We accept individual and collective responsibility for everything we do. Respect: We recognize the dignity and worth of the individual, acknowledging the diversity of needs, experiences and talents of each person. Excellence: We strive to achieve the best in everything we do.   HealthTech Organization chart:   HealthTech Schedule of tasks and responsibilities: In our Company we have A CEO manager which will Perform Jobs and Duties for all other Managers and Staff, every Manager work on a plan which will be overview by the CEO, the other managers also watches the Staff and their work. HealthTech Schedule of remuneration:   CEO: Monthly Salary: 2500$ yearly Salary: 30000$ Works Five Days in a Week, about 6 hours in a day from 9-3.   Any under title of Manager: Monthly Salary: 2000$ yearly Salary: 24000$ Works Five Days in a Week, about 8 hours in a day from 8-4.   Staff : Monthly Salary: 1000$ yearly Salary: 12000$ Works Five Days in a Week, about 8 hours in a day from 8-4.   Cleaners And Service sector : Monthly Salary: 263$ yearly Salary: 3156$ Works Five Days in a Week, about 8.5 hours in a day from 7.5 4. Marketing Plan â€Å"Depends on 4Ps† PRODUCT   What is the Product? Its a patient identification card with high level of data and transmission security, large memory capacity, flexible programming options, and standardized interfaces. It contains all the historical medical health information about the patient, such as: blood group, diseases, medicines and all allergic cases that must be noticeableEtc. Cards, by design, are protected against tampering; they cant be copied or counterfeited in any way. Smart cards are small; they fit everybodys pocket so the patient can move without fatigue or discomfort.   What is the name of the Product? Heath Card System.   Is the Product seasonal? No. Because it is used over time.   Does the consumer remember the name of the Product? Yes, he remembers it. The name of the product is easy and related to its use.   The life cycle of the Product? The life cycle of the product is related to the patient life. So, when the person died his card is discarded.   Is it possible to add new elements to the product? Yes, we can update the software as the new needs of customer which may face us such as: Adding new fields to the system, improve the interface of the system and the card, online service provider.   What is the extent of customer satisfaction to the product? By the result of the questionnaire which contains 100 samples. We found that 92% of the Palestinian nation is accepted the idea and they are ready to support and use this product.   Is the target group is sensitive to quality? Yes of course the group is sensitive to quality. PRICE: What is the strategy that you want to follow in order to set price? Since we are trying to provide common product for all the customers we will have similar price for every target customers. But not all the target customers welcome our idea with the same excitement; in that case we will go for making facilities for our customers. We have basically three offers- Software, Readers and Cards. The software will be sold and installed at 3 price levels, for hospitals at $20,000, pharmacies at 2,000, medical centres and insurance companies at $5,000. The reader will be sold at 32.5% margin which will come around $33. The card will be sold at $1.5. Moreover, we must notice the breakeven point in order to determine our profit.   What are the considerations that need to be considered when pricing? In order to set the price we have to take in consideration: 1) Cost: The Pricing structure must cover all costs and provide an acceptable profit margin. 1. Research and Development department costs. 2. System Analysis costs. 3. System Design costs. 4. Programming hardware and software costs. 5. Machines needed such as: card readers, smart cards and Computers costs. 6. Wages costs. 2) Competitor prices: Its important to consider the competitor price. However, theres no direct competition so we are free to set our price. 3) Image: In order to make our customers perceive our product as a high quality items are best to be set. 4) Channels of distributions: There is no need to consider it because our distribution model will be of direct selling. v What are the prices of competition goods? There are no direct competition goods. We have indirect competitor which is any company that use smart card and readers. Most of these players are for other businesses like software development, campus, hotels, ATM machines, reader and they are interested in bigger projects. Names of indirect competitors: Palestine Elevators Company. Israeli Companies Al-Quds elevators Company. v What are the strengths and weaknesses of competitors? Most are the competitors who are in the market are well established player in the market in the related businesses. They have good relationships with the existing suppliers but they are not concentrated in Smart Card business only, especially Health Smart Card is hardly a good idea for them. They chase the big projects only. We will have solution for small players at very small cost. We will make money in readers and smart cards. Simultaneously we will focus big hospitals for their turnkey project. So far not a single player who is in Health Card provide these information on net, we will differentiate there and will provide full information on the network which will be accessible by log in. This is the right time to enter into Health Care Smart Card where one side standard of living is increasing on the other hand people are becoming more aware of the health. v Who is your target group? The target customers include patients who need to go to hospitals, diagnostic centres, Clinics, Pharmacy, Insurance companies. So, our target could be the end users (patients) which is 2448433 person or the organizations and companies such as hospitals which are 52, Medical centres which are 537, Pharmacies which are 910, Insurance companies which are 8 in west bank. We will begin in the big cities like Ramallah, AlKhalil and Nablus and then continue to the rest. v What is the income level of the target group? According to the result of our questionnaire the income level of the target group (end users) is between 1000-3000 Nis. v What are the costs to produce the Product? $3804280 which is the Cost of research, programming, machines and cards, implementation, testing and maintenance. v Is the Product essential or a luxury good? It is essential because by using this system we can save life, time and money. v Is the target group is sensitive to price? No, it isnt. v To what extent the price reflects the quality of the product? High quality product means higher price to be set. PROMOTION v What is promotion? Promotion involves disseminating information about a product, product line, brand, or company. v What is the purpose of the promotion process? To persuade the target markets to use this system which enabling people to increase control over the determinants of health and thereby improve their health .To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being an individual or group must be able to identify and realize aspirations, to satisfy needs and to change or cope with the environment. v What is the policy that we want to follow? 1. We will have a website which will have all the information of our products and services. Later on, we will strengthen our websites by storing patients information online. In our websites we will also provide general information about the health care facilities in Palestine, about different diseases, different health care professional, about diagnostic centres chemists. 2. Moreover, We will directly go to the customers and present our product and services by Work shop. 3. We will leave brochures and leaflets to the hospitals, pathology labs chemists. 4. In addition to, we will use posters at different cities. 5. By Media: newspaper, medical magazines, Jawwal sms, T.V., Radio and Facebook we can spread our idea and promote to the product. 6. Also, We will take help of Specialist who are already working in different companies to advertise our product and services 7. More than everything we will focus on mouth publicity by providing excellent product and services at affordable prices. v What is the budget established for the promotion? About $114054 for the first year, $29000 for the second year and $10416 for the third year. v How to distribute those elements of the budget on promotion? By printing brochures, hosting server for a website, posters, newspaper, medical magazines, Jawwal sms, T.V. and Facebook etc. v What a way of promotion is the most appropriate for the target group? By meeting teams of hospitals in order to persuade them and showing them how the system will benefit them. Moreover, we can reach to the end users by posters and Jawwal sms. v What is the time plan for the promotion? 9 months Place: We will target all west bank, we will begin in the big cities like Ramallah, AlKhalil and Nablus, after that we will penetrate the other cities. And because we will be targeting all hospitals and health centers, it would be easy for people to access to hospital nearby and get the product. For long term goals we want to be the sole Health Card provider in the country and to penetrate other health sectors. How will the product/service be distributed? Which partners will be needed in the distribution channel? Our distribution model will be of direct selling. The selling person from the company will be directly going to the customers and presenting our product and services. We will provide them after sale services. After serving a reasonable market in a city we will have branches in different part of the city so that customers can easily avail our services. Analysis of SWOT 1) Strength: The strength of Health Card System entering into the Palestinian market at this time is a good one for it, since there is absolutely no competition in Palestine at the time. So, HCS is the first system which enters into this market; we will have established much strength that allows us to remain ahead of the competition. So, we will be as monopolist. Our brand name will stuck in customers mind as a good image. Moreover, this system is designed by our company so we dont buy it from foreign programmers. In addition, our system supports both languages English and Arabic. Also, the security pattern is so strong so no one can hack our system. 2) Weakness: First of all Governments ability may not support our system because of its high expenses and costs. In addition our system isnt international one; so if the patient needs to travel abroad he will take his medical file as papers. 3) Opportunity: First of all we can spread our product in order to penetrate all the cities of Palestine. We have a good chance by target the Arab World. We also have the opportunity to develop brand loyalty by offering smart cards that really will save human being life, time and money. In addition, we can improve this system so as to be credit/debit system. 4) Threats: The threat that might face us is the new entrants to the market that threaten to erode the market share. So the competition will increase. May be that other systems will be more available so the customers have a wider variety of choices. Identity theft is also could be a threat that faces us and the consumers. Production Plan: 1- Production Process: Health system production occurs at three levels which are: primary, secondary and tertiary. The primary level finishes after having all the materials which are important in order to start applying our programs such as: computers, certain software, smart cards, and smart card readers. Secondary production includes the production of programmable software of the health card system. The final step is how to make the card readers are ready to be used by hospitals (program the hardware). 2- Fixed Assets: Building à   Monthly rent: $500 Machinery, other equipment, tools 3 computers: $2280 1 laptop: $1185 1 Scanner: $80 1 Printer: $130 Total: $3765 Furnishings (including for office and warehouse):$ 3947 Motor vehicles (Car):$10000 Lifetime of the fixed assets is range between 5-10 years. Payment Conditions: The payment condition is cash. 3- Suppliers: The raw material suppliers will be determined via internet and we will contact them over there. Actually, we will import the raw material â€Å"Card-Readers the smart cards† from China so there will be shipping cost and delivery time which we must take into consideration. The cost of the card-Reader is $24.95 and we decide to sell it in $33 so as to gain 32.5% profit in one reader. On the other hand, the cost of card is $0.70 and well sell it in $1.5. 4- Licenses and Permits Required: Licensing requirements Permits: We need license from the Ministry of Health in order to apply our system nationally. In addition, we need permits of Chamber of Commerce to start our job and having certificated employment contract, and from municipality as to have work permits. Workplace or environmental regulations: We also need a lease in order have the office and start working Insurance coverage: Indicate that we have insurance on the shipping raw material, our office and our health (with NIC national insurance company). 5- Labor Costs: Our workforce costs is $150000, insurance costs is $5760. 6- Location Facilities: The location of our office is convenient to our customers; it is located at the center of Bethlehem at AL-Mahed Street where the parking is available. According to our office it will be pro

Underground Railroad :: Slavery

The Underground Railroad is famous for the things it has done, but most people don't understand or fully know what it was really about. First of all, it has nothing to do with an underground train or railroad as it may seem. The term "Underground Railroad" actually has different stories for its inception. One of these stories was of Tice Davis, a runaway slave in 1831. While running away from his owner he dove into a creek and was out of the owner's sight. His owner said "he must have gone off on an underground railroad." (http://www.whispersofangels.com/opposing.html) Although highly unbelievable, it can be found quite amusing. The logical explanation, though, is that the word "underground" is a term for secretive, while "railroad" represents the working together of people like train cars to "ship" the slaves. The main reason for the Underground Railroad was the effort to abolish slavery. None of the other efforts were contributing as much, and it was definitely our country's first major anti-slavery movement. America had hit its peak in the sense of slavery. We were thriving off of black laborers and our population continued to grow with contributions from the triangular trade. The triangular trade route was a trade route between the British West Indies, Europe, Africa and America. (http://members.tripod.com/lylesj/trade/tritrade.html) The profit slaves had brought in was tremendous contrasted to the profit of hired work. It became a major bonus to land and plantation owners. The black slaves were also great workers because of their ethnic backgrounds. They had great work ethics, dark skin to work in heat, and were much stronger than the hired men. Slaves longed to be free for more than one reason. Some just would love to be able to go where they want and say what they want without persecution. Who wouldn't want to be able to have this? Other slaves ran from owners out of fear. They wanted to keep their families together and not be sold away from them. There were also slaves that were treated very poorly. In fact, they were treated so poorly that if the didn't run they might not live much longer. Slaves have wanted to escape their slavery as far back as the first colonies had begun. The only truly free people were the whites, and blacks wanted to end that situation for good. The northern states/colonies had a more industrial area and immigrants easily took the jobs that were available.

The Funding of Making Chemical and Biological Weapons :: Chemical Biological Weapons War Essays

The Funding of Making Chemical and Biological Weapons Will the human race still be in existence in fifty more years? Although likely, there is a very real possibility that we will not be here. For example, after the Gulf War, we found Saddam Hussein stockpiling Weapons of Mass Destruction. Did you know that he had enough weapons to kill every single human, dog, and cow on the face of the earth? When I found that out, I thought it was very interesting, so I decided to do a report on it. If you keep reading, you’ll find out what I’ve found out. Who funds the making of chemical or biological weapons? The answer is many people. However†¦ the government is the main source of money. For example, they make labs built to find defenses against new chemical or biological weapons. The catch is that in order to find new defenses, they must first build new weapons. That brings us to terrorists. Government officials make the information on how to make these weapons of mass destruction too accessible to terrorists, which eventually results in successful terrorists attacks that injure or harm many people. An example of this was in the spring of 1995 when a Japanese mafia gang set off sarin gas and killed 12 people in a subway, while injuring over fifty. Now, you might be asking yourself, what’s the difference between chemical and biological warfare? Some major differences are when each has been used in history and / or what makes up a chemical or biological weapon. First, there’s the obvious difference of what makes up a chemical or biological weapon. Chemical weapons use chemical agents while biological weapons use bacteria from the earth and weaponizes the bacteria. While biological weapons have never been used for a modern war, they were once a very common weapon. You see, biological weapons were used for centuries in such ways as throwing dead bodies into their enemies’ water supply to sabotage it. Chemical weapons were never used in ancient times, as they didn’t have the technology. They have however found much use in our modern world. In fact, during World War I, chemical weapons found more use than ever before. The main weapon was mustard gas, it was responsible for two percent of the total deaths during that period. The next time chemical warfare was used on a large scale was during the Vietnam War. The Funding of Making Chemical and Biological Weapons :: Chemical Biological Weapons War Essays The Funding of Making Chemical and Biological Weapons Will the human race still be in existence in fifty more years? Although likely, there is a very real possibility that we will not be here. For example, after the Gulf War, we found Saddam Hussein stockpiling Weapons of Mass Destruction. Did you know that he had enough weapons to kill every single human, dog, and cow on the face of the earth? When I found that out, I thought it was very interesting, so I decided to do a report on it. If you keep reading, you’ll find out what I’ve found out. Who funds the making of chemical or biological weapons? The answer is many people. However†¦ the government is the main source of money. For example, they make labs built to find defenses against new chemical or biological weapons. The catch is that in order to find new defenses, they must first build new weapons. That brings us to terrorists. Government officials make the information on how to make these weapons of mass destruction too accessible to terrorists, which eventually results in successful terrorists attacks that injure or harm many people. An example of this was in the spring of 1995 when a Japanese mafia gang set off sarin gas and killed 12 people in a subway, while injuring over fifty. Now, you might be asking yourself, what’s the difference between chemical and biological warfare? Some major differences are when each has been used in history and / or what makes up a chemical or biological weapon. First, there’s the obvious difference of what makes up a chemical or biological weapon. Chemical weapons use chemical agents while biological weapons use bacteria from the earth and weaponizes the bacteria. While biological weapons have never been used for a modern war, they were once a very common weapon. You see, biological weapons were used for centuries in such ways as throwing dead bodies into their enemies’ water supply to sabotage it. Chemical weapons were never used in ancient times, as they didn’t have the technology. They have however found much use in our modern world. In fact, during World War I, chemical weapons found more use than ever before. The main weapon was mustard gas, it was responsible for two percent of the total deaths during that period. The next time chemical warfare was used on a large scale was during the Vietnam War.

Bromus tectorum ( cheatgrass or downy brome)

Researching on Bromus tectorum lead me to a vast collection of literature about the plant species. An almost complete reference on it is provided by the Nature Conservancy, Wildland Weed Program. For my essay/report, I used its â€Å"Element Stewardship Abstract for Bromus tectorum† written by Allan Carpenter and Thomas Murray as my main reference. The plant species Bromus tectorum is an alien grass or an invader that usually takes over â€Å"disturbed ground in shrub-steppe ecosystems of the Western United States and Canada† (Link et al. ). The scientific name is of Greek and Latin origins.According to the work of Upadhyaya et al. , the genus name Bromus is said to have originated from the archaic Greek word bromos, which refers to a particular kind of oat. The ancient Greek word broma, in addition, means food. The specific epithet, on the other hand, was believed to have been derived from the Latin words tector and tectum, which mean ‘one who overlays’ an d roof, respectiviely. Bromus tectorum is more commonly known as cheatgrass to local inhabitants. Other parts of North America call it downy brome because of its noticeably hairy leaves. There are many other names associated to this species.The documented ones include drooping brome, downy cheat, cheat grass brome, slender chess, Mormon oats, and broncograss (Upadhyaya et al. ). Cheatgrass is erect and can rise up to 24 inches high. Its leaves and stems shape into tufts or clumps as seen in Figure 1. The grass has tiny, pappy hair like structures that cover its leaves. Bromus tectorum is an annual grass and is usually dense during winter or spring. This annual plant germinates in fall or spring. However, it has been observed that vast numbers of â€Å"cheatgrass seedlings usually germinate after the first fall rain in infested areas† (West).Cheatgrass only replicates through seeds. However, it is exceptionally efficient; that is, an individual cheatgrass may reproduce hundred s to thousands of seeds (Mosely et al. 1987 cited in Pyron). Its root system then proceeds to develop for the entire duration of the winter season. By spring, the grass has an already wide-ranging root system, enabling the plant to draw out higher levels of moisture and soil nutrients. Cheatgrass has a compact phenology and usually desiccates and spreads its seeds by mid-June (West 1983). Naturally, it undergoes senescence in summer.Once dried, these plants can catalyze wildfires in its regions. The frequent occurrence of fires in an area displaces perennials and even other annuals that initially dominate a particular community (West 1983). Cheatgrass has a Eurasian native range (Novak, Mack, and Soltis). However, it is now found in diverse forms of habitats all over the United States; but, it is most distinguished on the â€Å"Columbia-Snake River Plateau, Wyoming Basin, and the northern portion of the Great Basin in disturbed sagebrush steppe communities† (Rice and Mack ; W est).In the mid 1800s, it was accidentally brought into the United States of America. The invasion of North America by B. tectorum occurred through multiple introductions (Bartlett et al. ). In regions where the soil has especially high levels of potassium in it, cheatgrass is found to grow and proliferate well in the area (Belnap pers. comm. cited in Carpenter et al. ). Research has shown that the measured potassium levels in communities can be used to determine and probabilistically predict how susceptible and vulnerable the area may be to cheatgrass takeover.The amount of potassium in the soil may also be altered to alter the abundance of cheatgrass. By lowering the levels of potassium in the soil, the density of cheatgrass may also be lowered. (Belnap pers. comm. cited in Carpenter et al. ). The control of growth and proliferation of cheatgrass in a particular area has shown great significance. Since cheatgrass exhibits both advantage and disadvantages, it is important to be abl e to moderate its invasion. Cheatgrass has a twofold role; one, as an annoying and pestering weed, and two, a significant â€Å"early season forage for cattle and sheep† (Emmerich et al.; Upadhyaya et al. ). Bromus tectorum takes over â€Å"rangelands, pastures, prairies, and other open areas,† as seen in Figure 2 (www. invasive. org). Consequently, it has the capacity to thoroughly modify the ecosystems it invades. It poses many ecological and environmental problems because of its propensity to completely wipe out all native foliage and vegetation in a particular area and even modify certain fire patterns. The alterations caused by cheatgrass in the frequency of fire cycles is said to be â€Å"the species’ greatest competitive advantage.† (Whisenant) In sagebrush grassland ecosystem, fire is a natural occurrence (see Figure 3). Those fires usually happened at intervals within the range of 60-100 years. However, in areas where the presence of cheatgrass d ominates, areas burn at a much greater and increased frequency, every 3-5 years (Whisenant). With this frequency range, native plants, shrubs, and other perennial grasses cannot keep up and fail to recover. This results to the development of cheatgrass monoculture; other species tend to be completely wiped-out.The vegetation of a pristine (undisturbed) shrub-steppe ecosystem is populated by â€Å"perennial bunchgrasses and widely spaced shrubs† (Whisenant). According to the work of Whisenant, the species that are commonly replaced by cheatgrass include the following: â€Å"big sagebrush, antelope bitterbrush, bluebunch wheatgrass, crested wheatgrass western wheatgrass, Sandberg bluegrass, needle-and-thread grass, and Thurber’s needlegrass. † Sagebrush steppe cannot simply persist with this shortened fire interval.As how Devine put it, â€Å"fire begets cheatgrass and cheatgrass begets fire† (Devine). What are the advantages of Bromus tectorum or cheatgras s? For ranchers, it is especially useful since it provides a large volume of early spring forage for different types of livestock and animals on grazing lands especially in the Intermountain and Pacific Northwest regions (Upadhyaya et al. ). In terms of its density and the quality of herbage grown including the wideness of the area covered by cheatgrass, it is â€Å"undoubtedly the most important spring forage in the region† (Upadhyaya et al.; Emmerich et al. ). On the other hand, while ranchers in the Intermountain and Pacific Northwest regions take advantage of cheatgrass, the United States and Canada winter wheat growers consider it as pest—their worst problem (Upadhyaya et al. 1986). According to literature, cheatgrass is a problematic weed in winter wheat. Cheatgrass has many ecological and competitive advantages in contrast with other perennial and annual plants. It has the ability to adapt well and evolve to its native environment and to other environments it in vades.Although this has shown to have certain advantages especially to ranchers for foraging, this characteristic of cheatgrass has posed many problems in the ecology and can be very damaging. In my opinion, it is only proper that human intervention be exercised to control its dominance and invasions. Cheatgrass is a sinister. As discussed, it raises both agricultural and environmental problems. The references that I have read reveal that regulation of cheatgrass invasion will demand â€Å"a combination of chemical control, physical control, vegetative suppression, and proper livestock management where land is grazed† (Carpenter and Murray).It is obvious that the problem is quite a complex one as it involves many other variables. Moreover, human intervention could possibly worsen the ecological balance. Thus, the U. S. government and other ecological and environmental agencies should seriously and carefully address the problems and implement effective management programs to m inimize its infestations yet still making sure that ecological equilibrium is still achieved. Main Reference Carpenter, Allan and Thomas Murray. 1998. â€Å"Element Stewardship Abstract for Bromus tectorum.† The Nature Conservancy, Wildland Weed Program. Downloaded from: http://tncweeds. ucdavis. edu Works Cited Bartlett Elizabeth, Stephen Novak, and Richard Mack. â€Å"Genetic Variation in Bromus Tectorum (Poaceae): differentiation in the eastern United States,† American Journal of Botany, 89. 4 (2002): 602-612. Belnap, Jayne. Personal communication with Jayne Belnap. Ecologist, National Biological Service. Canyonlands National Park, Moab, Utah (10/19/98). Devine, Robert. â€Å"That cheatin’ heartland. † 51-71. In: Alien invasion: America’s battle with non-native animals and plants.National Geographic Society. Washington D. C. 1998. Emmerich, Fay, Frosty Tipton, and James Young. â€Å"Cheatgrass: Changing perspectives and management strategies. à ¢â‚¬  Rangelands 15 (1993): 37-39. Link, Steven. , Harvey Bolton, Jr. , Michael Thiede, and William Rickard. â€Å"Responses of downy brome to nitrogen and water. † Journal of Range Management 48 (1995): 290-297. Novak, Stephen, Richard Mack, and Pamela Soltis. â€Å"Genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae): introduction dynamics in North America. † Canadian Journal of Botany 71 (1993): 1441–1448.Mosely, Jeffrey, Stephen Bunting and Mark Manoukian. â€Å"Cheatgrass. † 175-188. In: Sheley, Roger L. ; Petroff, Janet K. , eds. Biology and management of noxious rangeland weeds. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press. 1999. Pyron, Jayson. â€Å"Cheatgrass (Bromus Tectorum). † Rice, Kevin, and Richard Mack. â€Å"Ecological genetics of Bromus tectorum: intraspecific variation in phenotypic plasticity. † Oecologia 88 (1991): 84-90.Upadhyaya, Mahesh, Roy Turkington and Douglas McIlvride. â€Å"The biology of Canadian weeds. 75. Bromus tectorum L. † Canadian Journal of Plant Science 66 (1986): 689-709. West, Niel. Western intermountain sagebrush steppe: Temperate Deserts and Semi-Deserts. 351-373. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1993. Whisenant, Steven â€Å"Changing fire frequencies on Idaho’s Snake River Plains: Ecological and management implications. † Proceedings-Symposium on Cheatgrass Invasion, Shrub Die-off, and Other Aspects of Shrub Biology and Management, 1990.